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Appearance and reality in Macbeth

Fair is foul. A flower with a snake under it. A smile with a knife in it. Nothing looks like what it is.

Macbeth consulting the witches
Macbeth consulting the witches. Eugène Delacroix, 1825, The Met. CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

The quotes

19 quotes, in the order they happen.

Fair is foul, and foul is fair

Witches · Act 1, Scene 1 · the supernatural · appearance and reality

Good things are bad. Bad things are good. That is the rule of the play.

When the battle's lost and won

Witches · Act 1, Scene 1 · the supernatural · appearance and reality

A fight can be won and lost at the same time. That is Macbeth's whole story.

So foul and fair a day I have not seen

Macbeth · Act 1, Scene 3 · the supernatural · appearance and reality

Macbeth's first words copy the witches. He has not met them yet.

The instruments of darkness tell us truths, Win us with honest trifles, to betray 's In deepest consequence

Banquo · Act 1, Scene 3 · the supernatural · appearance and reality

Banquo sees the trick. The witches tell small true things so you believe one big lie.

There's no art To find the mind's construction in the face

Duncan · Act 1, Scene 4 · appearance and reality · kingship

You cannot read a face, says the king. Then Macbeth walks in. The king cannot read his face.

Stars, hide your fires; Let not light see my black and deep desires

Macbeth · Act 1, Scene 4 · ambition · guilt · appearance and reality

Macbeth asks the stars to go dark. He does not want anyone to see what he wants.

Come, thick night, And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell

Lady Macbeth · Act 1, Scene 5 · the supernatural · guilt · appearance and reality

She asks the night to hide the murder. Her husband asked the stars the same thing.

Look like th' innocent flower, But be the serpent under 't

Lady Macbeth · Act 1, Scene 5 · appearance and reality

Look like a nice flower. Be the snake under it. That is her plan.

False face must hide what the false heart doth know

Macbeth · Act 1, Scene 7 · appearance and reality · guilt

Show a false face. Hide what you really feel. The murder plan is set.

A little water clears us of this deed

Lady Macbeth · Act 2, Scene 2 · guilt · appearance and reality

She says a bit of water will clean them. In Act 5, nothing can.

There's daggers in men's smiles

Donalbain · Act 2, Scene 3 · appearance and reality · violence

The king's sons run away. Any smile could hide a knife.

By the pricking of my thumbs, Something wicked this way comes

Witches · Act 4, Scene 1 · the supernatural · appearance and reality

The witches call Macbeth 'something wicked'. He is one of them now.

none of woman born Shall harm Macbeth

Apparition · Act 4, Scene 1 · fate and free will · the supernatural · appearance and reality

No one born from a woman can hurt Macbeth. He feels safe. He should not.

Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill Shall come against him

Apparition · Act 4, Scene 1 · fate and free will · the supernatural · appearance and reality

A forest cannot walk, so Macbeth thinks he is safe. The army carries branches.

Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell

Malcolm · Act 4, Scene 3 · kingship · appearance and reality

Even the devil was an angel once. Malcolm tests Macduff. He trusts no one.

Now does he feel his title Hang loose about him, like a giant's robe Upon a dwarfish thief

Angus · Act 5, Scene 2 · kingship · appearance and reality

The crown does not fit him. It is like a giant's coat on a small thief.

Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more

Macbeth · Act 5, Scene 5 · fate and free will · appearance and reality

Life is a short candle. A bad actor on a stage. Then gone.

I bear a charmèd life, which must not yield To one of woman born

Macbeth · Act 5, Scene 8 · fate and free will · the supernatural · appearance and reality

Macbeth still trusts the witches. The next line breaks him.

Macduff was from his mother's womb Untimely ripped

Macduff · Act 5, Scene 8 · fate and free will · the supernatural · appearance and reality

Macduff was cut out of his mother, not born. So the spell does not protect Macbeth.

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The words of the book come from The Folger Shakespeare (CC BY-NC 3.0). Every quote was checked against it. Paintings and drawings are public domain, from Wikimedia Commons, credited under each one. Notes by Akash Wadhwani. Copy it. Print it. Share it. No sign-up.
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